Amazon Seller Terms Glossary

Amazon seller terms — plain English

Amazon seller terms glossary

The vocabulary of selling on Amazon, defined without the marketing. Most costly mistakes start with a term somebody nodded along to rather than asked about.

Read the book Scams to watch out for

Compiled by James Armstrong from twenty-seven years selling and managing accounts.

How to use this

This is the language you will meet in a sales pitch, a Seller Central notice, or a contract. Where a term is routinely used to obscure something, I have said so plainly rather than giving you the brochure definition.

Figures such as fee percentages and thresholds change, sometimes several times a year. Where I have given a number it is one I could verify at the time of writing, and you should confirm anything you intend to rely on against Amazon’s current published schedule or the relevant tax authority.

Fulfilment and logistics

FBA — Fulfilment by Amazon

You ship inventory to Amazon’s warehouses and Amazon picks, packs, ships and handles customer service. You gain Prime eligibility and lose direct control of your stock. Fees are charged per unit for fulfilment plus ongoing storage, and both are revised regularly.

FBM — Fulfilment by Merchant

You hold the stock and ship every order yourself. Lower fees, more labour, and you carry the delivery performance metrics on your own account.

SFP — Seller Fulfilled Prime

You ship from your own premises but carry the Prime badge, which requires meeting Amazon’s delivery speed and cancellation standards. Entry requirements are strict and the programme has opened and closed to new applicants over the years.

Inbound placement

Where Amazon directs your inventory. Sending stock to multiple distribution centres can reduce per-unit fees while increasing your shipping cost and complexity. The arithmetic is genuinely worth doing rather than guessing.

Removal and disposal orders

Instructions to return or destroy inventory held at Amazon. Relevant because long-term storage of goods that are not selling quietly consumes any margin the goods once had.

Reimbursement claim

The process for recovering the value of inventory Amazon has lost or damaged. There are time limits, and unclaimed money is simply kept.

Fees and money

Referral fee

Amazon’s commission on each sale, charged as a percentage of the total price and varying by category. This is the fee people remember, which is why it is rarely the one that hurts them.

Fulfilment fee

The per-unit charge for picking, packing and shipping an FBA order, set by the size and weight tier of the unit. Repackaging a product into a smaller box can move it between tiers and change your economics.

Storage fee and long-term storage fee

Charged monthly by volume, with higher rates in the final quarter of the year, plus an additional surcharge on inventory held beyond a set age. Slow-moving stock is billed for the privilege of not selling.

Low-inventory and aged-inventory surcharges

Additional charges applied when your stock levels or stock age fall outside Amazon’s preferred ranges. They are the kind of fee that does not appear in anybody’s projection spreadsheet.

Disbursement

The transfer of your accumulated sales proceeds to your bank account, on a schedule rather than on demand. The gap between making a sale and holding the cash is the single most underestimated feature of the business.

Reserve and funds withholding

Money Amazon holds rather than disburses, applied to new accounts and to accounts under review. Amazon’s policy describes a withholding period that is measured in months and can be extended. Plan your cash flow as though your money is not yours yet, because for a while it is not.

Factor rate

How a merchant cash advance is priced, and the reason it is not quoted as an interest rate. A factor rate of 1.35 on $100,000 means repaying $135,000. Rates commonly run from about 1.15 to 1.45, and because repayment is by daily withdrawal over months, the true annualised cost is far above what the figure suggests.

Chargeback

A customer disputing a charge with their card issuer instead of requesting a refund from you. You can lose the goods, the money and a fee simultaneously.

Form 1099-K

The US information return reporting payments processed on your behalf. The threshold has been the subject of repeated legislative change and delay, so verify the figure that applies to the tax year in question with the IRS or your accountant rather than trusting a course.

Account health and enforcement

AHR — Account Health Rating

Amazon’s scored view of your policy compliance, presented on a points basis over a rolling window with a healthy baseline you lose points from. It is the number to watch, because it moves before an enforcement action lands rather than after.

ODR — Order Defect Rate

The share of orders with a negative feedback, an A-to-z claim or a chargeback. Amazon requires it to stay under one per cent, which on low order volume means a very small number of unhappy customers can put you in breach.

Deactivation and suspension

Losing the ability to sell. Your listings come down and your funds are held while the matter is reviewed. Nobody can promise you reinstatement, because the decision is not theirs to make.

Plan of Action

The written submission required to seek reinstatement, setting out root cause, immediate corrective action and preventive measures. It is judged on evidence and specificity, not on how sorry you sound.

Ungating

Approval to sell in a restricted category or brand, normally requiring supplier invoices Amazon will accept. Submitting an invoice judged inauthentic is far more dangerous than not applying at all.

IP complaint

A rights owner’s assertion that your listing infringes a trademark, copyright or patent. Listings typically come down first and the merits are examined afterwards, which is why the complaint itself is a weapon.

Review manipulation

Any attempt to influence reviews through incentives, family, friends or purchased accounts. It is one of the fastest routes to permanent closure, and it can be done to you by a competitor as easily as by you.

Related account

Another selling account Amazon associates with yours through shared details. Enforcement can travel between related accounts, which is why “just open another one” is advice that ends businesses.

Listings and competition

ASIN

Amazon’s unique identifier for a product. Multiple sellers can offer the same ASIN, which is the root of most competitive trouble in reselling.

Buy Box — the Featured Offer

The default purchase option on a listing. Most sales go to whoever holds it, and it is allocated by Amazon on price, fulfilment method and seller performance. You do not own it and you can lose it overnight.

Private label

Selling your own branded product rather than reselling somebody else’s. More control, more capital at risk, and success depends on demand rather than on the sourcing arbitrage.

Retail and online arbitrage

Buying discounted retail stock to resell on Amazon. Legal, but it does not scale reliably and it frequently runs into brand gating and authenticity complaints.

Dropshipping

Listing goods you do not hold and having a third party ship them. Amazon’s policy requires you to be the seller of record on all packaging and paperwork, which rules out most of what is taught under this name.

Hijacked listing

An unauthorised seller attaching to your ASIN, or your listing content being altered by somebody else. Brand Registry helps and does not eliminate it.

Brand Registry

Amazon’s programme for brand owners, requiring a registered trademark and providing better control of your listings and enforcement tools. Worth having before you need it.

Suppressed listing

A listing removed from search for a compliance or data reason. It is still in your inventory, generating storage fees, and selling nothing.

Words used in sales pitches

These are not Amazon’s terms. They belong to the people selling you something, and each one deserves a question.

“Amazon automation”

A third party running a storefront in your name for a fee. The term itself has appeared in repeated federal enforcement actions, including judgments of $21,765,902.65 against the Automators AI operators and $15.7 million against FBA Machine. Your name stays on the account and so does the liability. The case records are here.

“Passive income”

Applied to retail, this is close to meaningless. Inventory, pricing, compliance and customer service all require attention, and the moments requiring most attention arrive unannounced.

“Turnkey” or “done-for-you”

Someone else operates it and you fund it. Ask specifically who holds the account, who holds the liability, and what happens to your capital if the account is deactivated.

“Guaranteed” earnings or reinstatement

Nobody outside Amazon can guarantee either. In the FTC’s actions against both Automators AI and FBA Machine, guaranteed income claims were central to the allegations.

“Proprietary AI system”

The current phrasing of an old pitch. In the Click Profit matter the FTC’s filing cited the operator’s own figures: more than a fifth of its Amazon stores earned nothing and another third earned under $2,500 gross.

“Ungating package”

A shortcut into restricted categories, often resting on invoices that will not survive scrutiny. A rejected invoice can cost the whole account, not just the application.

Knowing the words is the cheap part

Knowing which ones cost money, and when, is what the book is for. Why Not to Sell on Amazon works through the fee arithmetic, account health, cash flow and exits — with a forty-question test that answers whether to begin at all.

Read the book and see the tools

No consultation, no discovery call, nobody will telephone you.